Deck planning guide

Deck Joist Spacing Guide

Joist spacing is measured on center (O.C.). The table shows the approximate joist count across common deck dimensions at 12, 16 and 24 inches O.C. It is a layout reference—not a recommendation that any spacing is structurally appropriate for your deck.

Joist count by deck dimension

Dimension crossed12 in O.C.16 in O.C.24 in O.C.
8 ft9 joists7 joists5 joists
10 ft11 joists9 joists6 joists
12 ft13 joists10 joists7 joists
14 ft15 joists12 joists8 joists
16 ft17 joists13 joists9 joists
18 ft19 joists15 joists10 joists
20 ft21 joists16 joists11 joists
24 ft25 joists19 joists13 joists

What does on-center mean?

On-center spacing is the distance from the centerline of one joist to the centerline of the next. A nominal 16-inch O.C. layout therefore repeats joist centerlines every 16 inches rather than leaving a 16-inch clear gap between boards.

Why spacing cannot be chosen from a chart alone

Allowable joist spacing and span depend on the decking product, joist species and grade, joist size, span, loads, connections and applicable requirements. Manufacturer installation instructions can also impose maximum joist spacing for decking products, particularly when boards are installed diagonally.

Calculate your deck layout

Enter your project dimensions and selected on-center spacing to visualize joists and estimate decking, fasteners and preliminary footings.

Open Deck Materials Calculator →

See the Deck Planning Hub for the dedicated joist, screw and footing calculators.